Race, Medicine, and the Law

What Is the Role of Government in Ensuring Equitable Access to Healthcare?

The COVID-19 pandemic created a global medical crisis and laid bare longstanding concerns about medical equity in America. The medical bias from the past has informed health disparities of today. In the face of the continuing COVID-19 pandemic and other health disparities, we must consider what to do next to ensure equitable health outcomes. Should a universal healthcare system be considered? Should certain groups be prioritized for certain medicines? Should communities who have faced unfair treatment receive compensation for past wrongs? These questions require an understanding of the dynamic relationship between healthcare and the government within America.

This inquiry provides high school students with a range of historical and contemporary sources to consider these issues. These activities culminate in a challenge for students to take action and figure out the best solution concerning health disparities for their state, local or national community.

 

 

Photo of man receiving a shot
“Disease only treats humans equally when our social orders treat humans equally.”
John Green

Helpful Hints

  • Historical Empathy
    • When reading and discussing issues, encourage students to try taking the perspective of people from that time period when discussing point of view.
  • Discussion Questions
    • The discussion questions are the key element of the lessons. It is imperative that students discuss questions amongst themselves with the teacher acting as the facilitator. Please refer to guidelines on transactive discussion tips and techniques.
  • Writing prompts
    • Writing prompts are also key in reinforcing the new information and the discussion that has taken place. The prompts allow students to integrate the perspectives they have heard into a cohesive argument.
    • Make sure students complete writing prompts even if it means assigning the prompt as homework.

Lesson 1: Transactive Discussion Practice

Objectives

  • Students will examine photos related to race and healthcare in the United States of America.
  • Students will learn how to engage in transactive discussions. 

Standards

  • Common Core: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.1; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.2; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.3; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.4; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.9; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.1; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.2; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.3; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.5; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.7; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.8; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.9.
  • VA Standards of Learning (SOL): VUS.1; VUS.8; GOVT.1; GOVT.3:

Lesson 2: What Role Did the Law Play in the Eugenics Movement?

Objectives

  • Students will critically examine Buck v. Bell.
  • Students will learn about the history of eugenics in the United States.
  • Students will critically review promotional materials from the Eugenic Movement.
  • Teacher will introduce, clarify, and reinforce challenging terms that will support students’ understanding of the materials.
  • Students will be able to distinguish between primary and secondary sources.
  • Teacher will introduce and/or review the use of primary source documents in supporting historical inquiry.
  • Common Core: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.1; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.2; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.3; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.4; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.9; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.1; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.2; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.3; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.5; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.7; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.8; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.9.
  • VA Standards of Learning (SOL): VUS.1; VUS.8; GOVT.1; GOVT.3:

Lesson 3: What Was the Tuskegee Experiment and Its Impact on Medicine?

Objectives

  • Students will learn the history and outcomes of the Tuskegee Syphilis study.
  • Students will critically examine materials from the study.
  • Students will consider the historical and present-day implications of the study.
     

Standards

  • Common Core: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.1; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.2; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.3; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.4; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.9; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.1; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.2; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.3; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.5; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.7; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.8; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.9.
  • VA Standards of Learning (SOL): VUS.1; VUS.2; VUS.3; GOVT.1; GOVT.3:

Lesson 4: What Was the Role of the Government in the Sterilization of Women of Color?

Objectives

  • Students will critically examine key legal cases Madrigal v. Quilliga and Relf vs. Weinberger
  • Students review the experiences of victims of forced sterilization.

Standards

  • Common Core: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.1; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.2; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.3; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.4; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.9; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.1; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.2; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.3; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.5; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.7; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.8; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.9.
  • VA Standards of Learning (SOL): VUS.1; VUS.2; VUS.3; GOVT.1; GOVT.3:

Lesson 5: How Did The Civil Rights Movement Impact The Healthcare Field?

Objective

  • Students will examine the relationship between segregation, the Civil Rights Movement, and healthcare for African Americans in the 20th century.

Standards

  • Common Core: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.1; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.2; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.3; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.4; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.9; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.1; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.2; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.3; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.5; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.7; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.8; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.9.
  • VA Standards of Learning (SOL): VUS.1; VUS.2; VUS.3; VUS.13; GOVT.1; GOVT.3; GOVT.11

Lesson 6: What Health Disparities Exist Today?

Objectives

  • Students will examine multiple factors that lead to health disparities within communities of color.

Standards

  • Common Core: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.1; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.2; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.3; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.4; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.9; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.1; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.2; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.3; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.5; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.7; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.8; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.9.
  • VA Standards of Learning (SOL): VUS.1; VUS.2; VUS.3; VUS.8; GOVT.1; GOVT.3;

Lesson 7: What Disparities Exist in Healthcare as it Relates to COVID-19?

Objectives

  • Students analyze healthcare and racial disparities related to COVID-19.

Standards

  • Common Core: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.1; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.2; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.3; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.4; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.9; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.1; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.2; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.3; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.5; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.7; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.8; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.9.
  • VA Standards of Learning (SOL): VUS.1; VUS.2; VUS.3; VUS.8; GOVT.1; GOVT.3:GOVT.11

Lesson 8: Take Action!

  • Students will choose a civic engagement activity to advocate on behalf of their positions on the topic at hand

Common Core: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.1; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.2; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.3; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.4; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.910.9; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.1; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.2; CCSS.ELALiteracy.RH.11-12.3; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.5; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.7; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.8; CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.9.

VA Standards of Learning (SOL): VUS.1; VUS.2; VUS.3; GOVT.1; GOVT.3: 

Log in to View Additional Resources

Login or create an account to view additional resources

Login

Register for a free account